The Truth About Weight Gain Medications Safety Usage and Alternatives

Chronic illnesses, surgeries, and trauma can sometimes cause unexpected weight loss. When food and exercise alone aren’t enough to achieve desired weight gain, weight gain medications and supplements might be an option.

Weight gain pills, including some steroid-, cannabis-, and hormone-based prescriptions or supplements, can help promote weight gain. Here’s an overview of what you need to know.

Prescription Medication for Weight Gain

Various medications can aid in weight gain, with prescription options typically being more effective than over-the-counter (OTC) supplements.

Marinol (Dronabinol)

Marinol is an FDA-approved synthetic form of cannabis. Research indicates that it can increase appetite in people with HIV and alleviate nausea or vomiting caused by chemotherapy.

Marinol is available as both an oral pill and an oil-based solution for those who have difficulty swallowing capsules. Possible side effects include:

• Dizziness
• Feeling “high”
• Headache
• Nausea or vomiting
• Paranoia

These symptoms can often be managed by adjusting the dosage.

Megace ES (Megestrol)

Megace ES is a hormone-based medication that mimics progesterone, a sex hormone known to increase appetite. Studies have shown that megestrol is effective in promoting weight gain for individuals who have lost weight due to conditions like HIV, anorexia, breast cancer, or endometrial cancer.

This medication is available in pill or liquid form and is typically taken once daily. It may take several weeks to notice improvements in appetite and weight gain. Potential side effects include:

• Decreased sex drive
• Insomnia
• Skin rash
• Vaginal bleeding

Oxandrolone (Oxandrin)

Oxandrolone, an anabolic steroid, is commonly used to treat muscle and weight loss resulting from illness, surgery, or trauma. Anabolic steroids mimic testosterone, a natural hormone that promotes muscle growth.

Research shows that oxandrolone can enhance appetite in people undergoing chemotherapy and help burn survivors gain weight. Possible side effects include:

• Changes in blood lipid levels, including cholesterol
• Changes in sex drive
• Difficulty urinating
• Insomnia

Oxandrolone is typically recommended for short-term use, up to four weeks, along with a nutrition program for weight gain. Some may require a second course to achieve their desired weight.

Oxymetholone (Anapolon)

Oxymetholone is another anabolic steroid that aids in muscle gain and strength for people with anemia, a condition characterized by a deficiency of healthy red blood cells. This medication can:

• Improve bone density
• Increase red blood cell production
• Stimulate muscle growth

One study found that oxymetholone increased body mass and handgrip strength in individuals with kidney disease and anemia, though it also warned of potential liver damage. Additional side effects may include:

• Acne
• Changes in blood lipid levels, including cholesterol
• Elevated blood pressure
• Insomnia
• Lowered immune system functioning

Although the brand Anadrol has been discontinued in the U.S., oxymetholone is still available in generic form or under the brand name Anapolon. Treatment duration can be up to six months, with the possibility of a reduced daily dose after the initial course.

Considerations for Weight Gain Supplements

Weight gain supplements, available OTC at drugstores, come in pill or powder form and claim to boost appetite, metabolism, muscle mass, and athletic performance. However, these supplements should be used cautiously due to a lack of FDA regulation and scientific support for their efficacy.

Lack of FDA Regulation

Unlike prescription medications, the FDA does not regulate OTC supplements for safety, effectiveness, and quality. Supplements might contain dangerous ingredients not listed on the label and could interact with other medications, leading to serious or life-threatening reactions.

Lack of Scientific Evidence

There is limited evidence supporting the effectiveness of weight gain supplements. Without a proper nutrition plan and fitness routine, these supplements alone are unlikely to be effective. Consult with a healthcare provider to determine if these supplements are safe for you.

How to Gain Weight Without Pills

If a healthcare provider suggests weight gain could be beneficial, they may help create a treatment plan focusing on nutrition and strength-building exercises. Most people can safely increase their weight without pills by following these methods under professional guidance.

Make Dietary Changes

Consuming more calories than your body burns is a key strategy for gaining weight. Here are some tips for healthy weight gain:

• Eat smaller meals more frequently, such as five to six times per day.
• Focus on nutrient-rich foods like grains, nuts, and avocados.
• Limit empty-calorie foods like chips or cookies.
• Snack on high-protein, healthy-carb, and healthy-fat foods, such as crackers with hummus, nuts, or trail mix.

Consider working with a registered dietitian to develop a personalized nutrition plan that suits your needs.

Switch Up Your Workouts

If your fitness routine is heavy on cardio activities like running or biking, consider incorporating strength training. Lifting weights and increasing protein intake can build lean muscle mass over time, helping you gain weight healthily. Muscles are denser than fat, so focusing on strength can contribute to healthy weight gain.

Visiting a gym for personal training or fitness classes can provide additional guidance.

By following these guidelines and working closely with healthcare professionals, you can approach weight gain safely and effectively

A Quick Review

Weight gain medications can be effective for individuals struggling with weight loss due to chronic illness, surgery, or trauma. Common medications include Marinol, Megace ES, Oxandrolone, and Oxymetholone, each with its specific benefits and side effects. While these medications can be helpful, they should be used under medical supervision. Alternatives like dietary changes and strength training can also aid in healthy weight gain. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any new treatment.